Highway attachment for railway car wheels



July 27 1926. 1,593,856 S. G. THOMSON HIGHWAY ATTACHMENT FOR RAILWAY CAR WHEELS Filed Nov. 22 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 gvvuenfoz 6 fiainael 62 607738010 July 27, 1926.

s. G THOMSON 1593356 HIGH AR WHEELS Filed Nov. 22, 1925 9 Sheet 4 5 l'i'igafi a 'lfi 5 um! i 1 5:

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T: I; i l;- If! 58 6% 1 1 I H 'I f i i J v z I gwumflfoz Samuel (Z Tlwmon 6mm m July 27,1926. 1,593,856 s. G. THOMSON HIGHWAY ATTACHMENT FOR RAILWAY CAR WHEELS Filed NOV. 22. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 5' I a '2 7 f: ?Y 70 j 77 a; \J

5 F 9.15 I I I r 3.2 5 7 J2? I 0 29 6 l i 1 I I 8/I |I- U 62 0 .ijh 2 H E ii 1|" 67 1 78 68 6 gnuenioz W SamuelGThornson July 27, 1926.

Y s. G. THOMSON HIGHWAY ATTACHMENT FOR RAILWAY CAR WHEELS Filed Nov. 22.. 1925 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 July. 27 1926.

S. G. THOMSON HIGHWAY ATTACHMENT FOR RAILWAY CAR WHEELS Filed Nov. 22. 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 F 1V1? H mw 501 5 Q 7 w a m 5 w A 5 IN gnuenfoz W I Samuel GT/aonwon, {M

July 27 1926.

S. G. THOMSON HIGHWAY ATTACHMENT FOR RAILWAY CAR WHEELS Filed Nov. 22, 1923 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 5 Samuel G. T/eornsow,

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atfozucq Patented July 27,1926.

PATENT 0 1,593,856 I FFI'CE.

SAMUEL GABVEB THOMSON, OF NEW YORK, N.

HIGHWAY*ATTACHMENT FOB RAILWAY CAB'WIHIEELS.-

Application filed November 22,1928. Serial 110. 676,425.

Modern transportation problems in the handling of freight and in the trucking of goods and commodities of all description have so increased, particularly at large terminals and congested distributing centers that an effort has been made to solve the same, in part at least, by the more extended use of the motor truck or motor propelled vehicle. That inturn has suggested the possible usev of the motor truck or motor propelled vehicle upon either a railway track or upon the highways or streets. The present invention is 'concerned with adapting one and the same vehicle upon both a railway track and upon the highways or streets;

and to that end contemplates a novel high-' way attachment for flanged railway car wheels. 4

lVhile' convertible wheels for-use on either railway tracks or highways have heretofore been devised the same have been faulty in design and have not properly taken into considerat-ion the peculiarities of the wear of the tread and flange of a car wheel. Accordingly, the chief object of the present invention is to provide a thorougly practical design of highway member for application to flanged railway car wheels, which in nowise depends for its fit or support upon the portions of the car wheel which become altered by wear or by machining to restore contour. Furthermore, the invention has particularly in view; a construction admitting of quick change from a car wheel to a highway wheel and vice versa, that being an indispensable feature for a. convertible wheel employed for instance, on both track and highway during thedays work in the handling and shifting of freight in large centers of population.

In general the inventioncontemplates a simple and economical typeof highway member adapted to engage and to coact with a. flanged railway car wheel and which may .be readily applied and removed with facility and speed. during a single trip paming over a route involving track, platform, loading yard, street, highway, etc. ln carrying forward-these objects, the invention is susceptible of a wide range ot'modification without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the in ventionj but for illustrative purposes there are shown in the drawings, certain preferred and practicaldorms, in which: v. Figure l is a general view illustrating a basic feature of the invention, namely. t at of a flanged car wheel showing o'ne'form of fastening means that may be employed for quickly clamping in place and quickly releasing the highway member.

Figure 2" is a plan of the locking means used in Figure 2.

Figures 3, 4c and 5 are detail views of the rim part of the car wheel engaged by different designs of highway members.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing a further modification as well as a simplification of the invention.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6. showing a. further modification of the in vention. I

Figure 8 is a sectional view of a portion of a flanged car wheel showing a modified form of highway member which is constructedwith a hub-element constituting a part of the holding means for fastening the highway member to the car wheel.

Figures 9, l0 and 11 are similar sectional half-views, respectively illustrating diiierent modifications in the hub construction of that type or highway member having a. hub element for attachmentto the hub part of a flanged car wheel.

Figures 12; and 13 are sectional views showing a. novel form of wedge holding or clamping means that may be employed re- 7 spectively with different forms of highway members.

Figures ME and 15 are sectional half-views 100 showing forms of highway members which take a bearing engagement on the underside of the outer rim portion of theflanged car wheel,'and adapted respectively for carrying solid single and solid double cushion tires.

Figure 16 is a sectional half-view showing a form of highway member in which a bearing gusset is punched therefrom to engage with a part ofthe flanged car wheel not subject to wear or to to reno store contour. V Figure 17 isja it: i u elevation oi.

the form of construction shown in Fig. 16 to illustrate .the special features of the highway member.

Figure 18 is a sectional half-view illustrating a simplified form of highway member which merely maybe bolted directly to the flanged car wheel. Figure 19 is a fragmentary face view of the highway member shown in Fig. 18 showing the clamping flange or bearing element formed by a tongue punched out of the web portion of the highway member.

' Figure 20 is a detail elevational view showing a modification that may be resorted to in the construction shown inFig. 19 to provide a positive lockagainst relative rotation of the car wheel and the highway member.

Figure 20 is a detail sectional view of the suggested form of construction shown in Fig. 20, on the line 2O20 of that figure.

Figure 21 is a sectional half-view show- I ing a modified form of highway member shaped to provide clamping, or hearing elements which respectively engage the car wheel and a holding nut or equivalent device.

Figure 22 is a sectional half-view showing another modification in the form of the highway .member of the hub type.

Figures 23, 24, 25 and 26 are similar sectional half-views showing further modifications in the construction of the highway member adapted for use with a quick-detachable holding device.

Figures 27 and 29 are sectional half-views illustrative'of a modification of the invention wherein a channel section is used to form the highway member, said views also illustrating other kinds of' holding devices for securing the highway member in place.

Figures 28 and 30 are fragmentary elevations showing the methods used in Figures 27 and 29 for securing the highway member in place. a

Figure 27 is a detail view of a form of latch device that may be used as a holding means.

In carrying out the invention it is preferable to adapt it to the design and contour of a' standard railway car wheel designated generally by the reference letter C. This car whee] includes'the rim portion 1 formed with the usual coned tread 2 and the flange 3; and it is proposed, according to the present invention, to adapt to such a car wheel an attachment which will convert it for use on highways and streets. That attachment consists primarily of a highway member deslgnated generally by the reference letter H. and intended to be susceptible of a wide range of modification so long as the essential requirements thereof are preserved.

Among the essential requirements which are intended to be maintained and preserved,

in the present invention, is the primary one of so mounting the highway member with reference to the car wheel that it will wholly clear all portions of the car wheel tread and its flange which are subject to wear, and will have engagement and contact only on a part or portion of the wheel unaltered by wear or by machining to restore its contour. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, the said highway member H includes a preferably thickened peripheral portion 4 constituting a tire which usually and preferably has a flattrea'd 5 adapting it for travel upon highways andstreets.

Though the tire or tire element 4, may, as shown in Figure 1, overlie the tread 2 of the car wheel, the important feature here involved is that the tire element shall be entirely free from and out of contact with the normal contour of the tread and the flange, and. therefore, to be entirely independent, in its functioning, of any wear that'may take place in the car wheel tread and the car wheel flange even to the extreme condemning limit shown by the full lines in Figure 1 of the drawings.

The tire element 4 of the highway memher is carried by a web portion 6 which, in

the form shown in Figure 1. mav be arened or curved about the outer rim portion of the car wheel, and is formed with a clampingutilized to hold the highway member H in its operative position and in Figure 1 is illustrated a construction for that purpose. Such construction includes an inwardly extending holding member or flange 9 which may be engaged by a fastening plate or equivalent member 10 fitted over an outer threaded spindle 11 at the outer side of the wheel axle, the said outer threaded spindle 11 being adapted to receive thereon a securing nut 12 which may or may not be provided with a. nut lock or holding means, such as the cotter pin 11' shown.

Substantially the same construction of highway member is shown in Figure 2 of the drawings, but in that figure of the drawings is given an illustration of a special form of locking device 13 which may be employed in connection with the fastening plate 10. As here shown this locking device consists of a nut 14 having interrupted or mutilated interior threads 15 cooperating with a hub spindle 16 having interrupte or mutilated threads 17. Such construction permits the locking device .13 tobe quickly slipped over the alternately threaded spindle to an engagement with the fastening plate 10 and then rotated into locking engagement with the threads 17, the. same being held in locked position by spring catches or equivalent devices 18 engaging keepers or holes 19 in the fastening plate.

Figures 3, 4 and 5 are intended to illustrate changesin theform of the highway member, Figure 3 showing amember .in which the clamping elementor flange T is pressed inwardly fromthe body of the web 6, and in Figure l the web of the highway member is shown having bearing engagement with the under outer corner of the car wheel rim as at a. and from that point the web is continued down into the holding element or flange 9 for engagement by the fastening plate 10 or equivalent device. In Figure 5 the web of the highway member is shown continued down into a combined holding and clamping flange 9 which has -a bearing engagement as at with the web of the car wheel, and. at 21. with the beveled clamping edge 22 of a fastening plate 23 which may be conveniently held in place by a nut- 24. The design shown in Figure 5 providesfor a'complete clearance for the highway member from every part of the car wheel rim. i

In Figure 6 of the drawings is shown a simplified construction wherein the highway i member merely is provided with the web 6 til) deflected as at X to form a ring-flange held clamped against the beveled outer underside of the car wheel rim by a clamping plate 10. which clamping plate is held in place by a nut 25 on the threaded spindle 26 extending outwardly from the hub of the car wheel. This form of the invention also shows complete clearance of the tire or tire element from all portions of the car wheel rim subject to wear or ,to machining to ,re store to contour.

The modification illustrated in Figure '7 of the drawings shows the highway member in the form of a complete wheel. That is. a member in which the rim i with its flat tread 5 is carried by a web portion 6 which has formed therewith a central hub part- 27,

preferably having a tapered inner bore 28 fitting over a correspondingly tapered nose 529 at the outer side of the car wheel hub and held in place by suitable locking nuts 30; as shown. Also, there is suggested in this form of construction a lock bolt 31 extending through the web of the highway member and engaging the car wheel and serving to prevent movement of the two wheel parts. That detail may or may not be used without aflecting the invention. I

The form. of construction suggested in Figure 8 of the drawings is similar to that illustrated in Figure 7. that is. the highway member is in the form of a complete wheel whose web portion 6 is provided with a central hub element or part 2?, the latter in the present instance being interiorlv independent relative.

threaded spindle 32 formed at the outer sidewheel may be mounted for free rotation up on a supporting journal or gudgeon 35car ried by the frame or axle part 36 of the vehicle. Such mounting of the flanged car wheel may either be directly on the support ing-journal or gudgeon as shown in Figure 10 or with roller or equivalent anti-friction learings 3T interposed between the bore of the car wheel and the said journal or gudgeon as shown in Figure 9. However, in either forms of construction shown in Figures 9 and 10 the highway member may be substantially similar tothe highway member shown in Fig. 8 with its web 6 provided with a threaded hub part 27 engaging the threads ofthe threaded spindle 32" project- 1H2 outward from the hub of the car wheel.

washer 38 and 39 on the threaded tip 32" for holding the car wheel upon its supporting journal or gudgeon. and a hub cap 40, provided with a threaded flange 41-engaging the threads of the spindle 32 at the outer side of the hub of the highway member, thereby providing a holding means for securing the highway member in its operative position and also serving as a cover for the nut and washer device which holds the car wheel on its journal.

A simplification of the form of construction shown in Figures 9 and 10 is illustrated in Figure 11 of the drawings. in which the flanged car wheel is shown provided at its outer side with a cylindrical supporting journal or gudgeon 42 having a threaded tip 43. thus admitting of the use of the highway member provided with a bearing hub 4-l rotatably mounted on the supporting journal or gudgeon 42 of the car wheel and preferably having a lubricating passage 45 closed by a plug 46 or equivalentdevice. A nut or equivalent holding member 4t? on the threaded tip l3 provides a holding means for retaining the highway member on its supporting journal or gudgeon.

. The holding device shown in Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings obviates the use of threaded members of all kinds and provides a quick detachable construction which ad mits of the highway member readily broughtinto use or removed. This holdmg device is of the wedge type. Essentially it tom of a seat or socket 53 formed in the inner side of the car wheel hub. The outer end of the rotatable stem 48 may convena iently be squaredor of angular formation as at 54 to. removably receive thereover the perforated heel OFBHd 55 of an, operating lever 56 and detachablyheld in place by a pin or key 57, as shown. In the adaptation of the invention shown in Figure 12 of the drawings, thewedging holding device just described cooperates with a clamping-plate 58 her which otherwise has the other 7 forms of construction described, that is, the

having an inturned holding edge or flange 59 that clamps upon an angular clamping foot 60 which is held by the plate 58 clamped upon an inclined or angularly disposed abutment shoulder 61 formed on and at the outer side of the car wheel. The said angular clamping foot 60 is formed at the inner edge of the web 61 of a highwa memeatures of the invention hereinbefore described.

In the adaptation of the wedging holding device to the form of construction shown in Figure 13 of the drawings it will be seen by reference to that figure of the drawingsthat the highway member is formed with a web 62 deflected at an intermediate point to provide an inclined bearing element 63 engaging a correspondingly inclined clamping face 64 of the web of the car wheel; the sai highway member web 62 being formed at its inner edge with a clamping flange 65 against which may directly bear the washer 66 with which the heel or end 55 of the operating lever 56 directly engages. ,In both forms illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings, it will be seen that by grasping the lever or handle 56 and rotating the stem 48 the wedging action of the head 50 against the seat or abutment 52 will serve to tightly and rigidly clamp the parts so as to hold the highway member in its operative position; and in the form of the invention shown in. Fi re 13 of the drawings, the highway mem r is shown as provided witha clincher rim or equivalent form of construction 67 adapted to carry a pneumatic or cushion tire 68. Also, it will be noted by reference to the dotted lines in Figure 12 of the drawings that these dotted lines may represent the axle part 6.9 of the vehicle to which the flanged car wheel is separately fastened by means of pins or equivalent elements 70.

The invention lends itself to various kinds of tires for the highway member, such for instance, those illustrated in Figures 1 to 13 solid cushion tire or a double solid cushion tire. The single solid cushion .tire 71 is shown in Figure 14 of the drawings, the same being fitted to a specially constructed rim part 42 for the highway member H, which member also includes a bent or deflected web 73 provided with an inclined clamping shoulder 74 to engage the outer under side of the car wheel rim and a clamping flange 75 engaged by a unit 76 mounted on the threaded spindle 77 rojecting from the hub of the cargwheel. r, asshown in Figure 15 of the drawinggs the,hightway'member may be constructed with a special rim part 7 8 for carrying a double solid cushion tire 79; said highway member being further provided with a substantial or sturdy web 80 having at anrintermediate portion thereof a reinforced clamping head or shoulder 81 engaging theyouter underside of the rim of erally deflected bearing gusset 84 whose inclined side has a hearing or clamping en-f gagement asat 85 with an inclined bear' face at the outer side of the car wheel and the inner edge of the said web 83 of the highway member may be provided with serrations or lockin teeth 86 to be engaged by a locking dog 8 carried by a holding nut 88 which may be conveniently operated by a handle 89 and which is prov1ded with a threaded part 90 engaging the threaded spindle 91 of the flanged car wheel.

A variation of the construction shown in Figures 16. and 17 of the drawings is suggested in Figures 18 and 19 of the drawings,

' wherein the highway member is sho'wn provided with a comparatively short web or petticoat 92' having'punched out therefrom a clamping tongue 93 engaging a built-up shoulder 94- on the car wheel at the underside of its rim. In this form of construction simple fasteningbolts 95 may be used, said bolts extending through aligned openings in the web of the car wheel and the web of the highway member.

To'illustrate the modification that may be resorted to in connection with the form of construction shown in Figures 18 and 19 there is shown in Figures 20 and 20 the expedient of bending out of the web or petticoat of the highway member a clamping tongue or lip 96 curved or flanged so as to engage over and interlock with a rib or equivhandle 112.

.alent projection 97 on the car wheel web, thereby providing a construction which locks the car wheel and the highway member against relative rotation.

Figures 21 and 22 of the drawings show simplifications of the invention, reducing the same to a minimum number of parts. In Figure 21 is shown a highway member of substantially S-shape v in cross-section, the outer part of said member being formed with a rim flange 98 overlying the tread of the car wheel and the web of said highway member is formed with a relatively long .inclined clamping portion 99 having'a flat clamping engagement with a correspondingly inclined and extensive fa'ce 100 formed on the outer side of the car wheel web; the inner or hub part 101 of the'said highway member web being curved outwardly to provide a holding flange engaged by a nut or equivalent holding or securing element 102 suitably mounted on the hub of the car wheel. In Figure 22 the simple'form of the invention shown consists of a highway member substantially of a T-shape in cross-section and having its web 103 formed with a threaded hub element 101 engaging the threaded spindle 105 projecting from the hub of the car wheel flange. This form of the invention, namely, the one shown in Figure 22 of the drawings also includes the. feature of the web 103 of "the highway member having punched out therefrom at suitable points a gusset 106 similar to that shown in Figures 16 and 17 and which presents an inclined clamping portion for engagement with a correspondingly inclined face 107 at the outer side of the car wheel flange.

The group of Figures 23, 24, 25 and 26 are intended to illustrate the application of a quick detachable holding device to various forms of the highway member. Referring first to Figure 23 of the drawings it is seen that this quick detachable holding device primarily consists of a'threaded spindle 108 at the outer side of the car wheel having steep pitch. threads 109 adapted to be engaged by a correspondingly steep pitched thread 110 carried by a holding collar 111 which is adaptedto be quickly rotated onto and 01f of the spindle 108 by means of a \Vhen screwed home the holding collar is held by a jam nut 113 having a steep-pitch thread llaand which may conhighway member may have pressed ut from its web at suitable locations the clamping gusset 118, the inclined end of which gussetat 119 engages beneath the car wheel mm at i the outer side thereof. Substantially the same form of construction shown in Figure is illustrated inFigure 21 adapted for use in connection with a single cushion tire 117 instead of the double cushion tire shown in Figure23. f

In Figure 25 of the drawings there is shown a modification of the quick detachable holding device of Figures 23 and 2-1 wherein the jam nut designated by the reference nulnber 120 isshown provided with a handle 121 and a latch 122 which engages a keeper 123 in the holding collar 111 so as to prevent t,

wheel. The modification shown in Figure 26 is substantially that shown in Figure 25 excepting that the jam nut is not provided with the latch referred to and the web 127 of the highway member has punched out from an intermediate part thereof, at suitablelocations. clamping gussets 128 for engagementwith an inclined bearing face 129 at the outer side of the car wheel.

The group of Figures 27, 28, 29 and 30 are illustrative of an embodiment ofthe invention involving a rigid construction of highway member which can be readily manufactured or developed from a light rolled or spun channeled disk or which can be pressed from light weight'sheet steel, while the engaging "bearings with the car wheel are rigid, well spaced,= and well adapted for carrying and transferring the load. That is to say, in the embodiments of the invention shown in. the group of figures referred to. the highway member H is shown formed of a channel section with its outer flange 130 providing the wheel tread 5. and the inner flange or web 131 thereof being providei'l or formed with a hub member 132 arranged over the hub extension 133 of the car wheel C. Also the web or flange 131 of the channel type highway member H is shown as being formedwith a circular series of radially extending bearing tongues 131 which are of substantially triangular formation, and are formed by the slitting of the web of the highway member andpressing or deflecting the tongue 134 away from the channeled side of the highway member by turning them around an approximately radial axis, thereby forming inclined engaging portions to make contact with the car wheel. In the form shown in Figures.

Figures 27 and 28 of the drawings, thus bringing the inclinedeng aging portion 135 at the ends of these tongues. Therefore, in the construction shown in Figures 27 and 28 the inclined engaging portions 135 of the bearing tongues engage and abut an inclined part of the web of the car wheel, While in the construction shown in Figures 29 and 30 the inclined-engaging end portions 135 havea bearing engagement against the under side of the rim of the car wheel.

In both forms of the invention shown in Figures 2728 and Figures 2930 the flanges 130, affording the tread for the highway Wheel, do not overlie the car wheel tread but are turned in a direction away from the car wheel. This feature of construction is of practical importance because it increases the width between the treads of the pair of highway wheels over the Width between the pair of car wheels, thus providing a greater resistance to rocking of the load while travelling over uneven or irregular highway surfaces.

The holding means for the highway member shown in Figure 27 of the drawings may consist of a latch pin 136 provided with a suitable handle 137 and adapted to be held by a spring 138 in engagement with keeper holes 139 for-med in the car wheel hub extension 133 between the coarse threads of such extension, as clearly shown in the drawings. This form of latch device may also be provided, if desired, with a roller 140 for engagement with the sides of the threads of the hub extension as shown in Figure 27 of the drawings. In this form of construction, the latch with or without the roller, can be lifted entirely free from the threads of the hub of the car wheel extension so that the highway attachment can be pulled straight off or pushed straight on, instead of requiring several complete revolutions as would be necessary with fully engaged threads. When the highway attachment is turned home, that is against the car wheel, the latch is then allowed to drop between the threads, and "the attach ment is revolved into a tightly binding position until the latch pin drops into the nearest keeper hole 139, thus holding the two wheels tightly together until the latch is again released in order to remove the highway threaded hollow car wheel hub extension is shown, and the holding device may consist merely of a set screw 141 which may be easily tightened or loosened according as the highway wheelis to be locked in place or freed, and the hub-132 of the highway member may have fitted thereto a fixed stud 142 for engagement with the coarse threads of the car wheel hub extension; The stud and set screw referred to may be used either independently or in combination, or in any desired number without affecting the invention.

The illustrations herein referred to are believed clearly to exemplify the particular phases of the invention claimed herein, and it is therefore thought that the essentials of the invention will now be understood without further description, and also that changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

I claim 1. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel having an outer rim portion projecting beyond the outermost face of its web or spoke portion, and a highway attachment comprising a tread member adapted to have clearance from all tread portions of the wheel.

2. A convertible wheel structure including flanged railway car wheel and a high way attachment comprising a tread member adapted to be'clampingly engaged with the car Wheel and having clearance from all portions of its flange and hub.

3. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, and a highway attachment comprising a tread member adapted to be clampingly engaged with the car wheel and having clearance from the normal unworn tread and flange thereof, said structure providing a free space between the highway member and a portion of the upright outer face of the wheel rim. L A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheelhaving an outer rim portion projecting beyond the outermost face of its web or Spoke portion, a highway attachment comprising a tread member having clearance from the wheel flange, and releasable holding means for said member.

5. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, a highway attachment comprising a tread member adapted to be held entirely free from contact with any part of the car wheel subjected to wear, said structure providing a laterally variable free space between the highwav .member in its tightened-position and the "wheel rim to allow for wear and tolerances,

and means for holding the highway member releasably clamped to the car wheel.

6. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel. ahighway member lying entirely free of contact with any part of the car wheel subjected to wear, and means forholding the highway member releasablyclamped to the. underside of the rim of the car wheel. r

T. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, a highway member lying entirely free of contact with any part of the car wheel subjected to wear, and means for holding the highway member releasably clamped to the underside of the outer portion of the rim of the carwheel.

8. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel. a highway member adapted to be clamped to the car wheel, free of itswearing surfaces and having a rim overlying the tread of the car wheel and a web provided with a holding member, and a fastening device supported.

from the car wheel and adapted to engage I said holding member.

9. A convertible wheel structure includ-v ing a flanged car wheel, a highway member having a rim adapted tooverlie the tread of the car wheel and standing free thereof and of the flange. and fastening means for clampingly engaging the highway member with the rim part of the car wheel.

10. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, a one-piece highway member standing entirely free from the wheel hub, and centrally located means for clamping the same to 'thecar wheel. a

11. A' convertible wheel structure including a. flanged railway car wheel, a one-piece highway member standing entirely free from. the wheel hub, and centrally located means for releasably-clamping the same to the car wheel;

'12. .A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, a one-piece highway member adapted to providea free space between said member and a portion of the upright outer .face of wheel rim and centrally located means .for detachably clamping the highway member to the car wheel. k

' 13. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, a highway member adapted to stand entirely free of contact with the tread, flange and hub of right outer face of wheel rim, and adapted to have'a clamping engagement on a portion of the .car wheel unaltered by wear or by machining to restore contour.

15. .A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel and a highway member adapted to be detachably held to the car wheel and standing entirely free from contact with the wheel flange and also providing an interposed free space between itself and the greater portion of the outer face of the wheel rim.

18. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel and a high-' way member adapted to be detachablv held to the car wheel and standing entirely free from contact with any part of its flange. and also being free from load carrving or bearing surfaces on the wheel hub.

of the'wheel rim and co-axial with the wheel. I

1 8: A convertible wheel structure including a railway car wheel, a highway attachment comprising a tread member, and a locking device consisting of an offset or positive stop, portion and an interlocking part acting to limit relative rotation between the car wheel and said tread member, said locking device lying towardthe wheel center and entirely within a cylindrical surface in-- tersecting the middle of the wheel rim and co-axial with the wheel.

19. A convertible wheel structure including a railway car wheel, and a highway "attachment comprising a tread memberadapt- .ed to be 'drawn into a tightened position against a conical face lying within the circle defined "by the outermost edge or portion of the outer face of the wheel rim 20. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, and a highway member extending from a point adjacent to the wheel hub to a point adjacent to the wheel rim, and standing entirely free from the wheel hub and wheel flange.

- 21. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a member for highways, and rotary clamping means co-axial with said members. i.

22. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged tire-member for tracks and a tread for highways, and a clamping member adapted to revolve co-axially with at least one of said other members.

23. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a mem her for highways, one of said members having a portion threaded co-axially with its axis of rotation.

24. A convertible wheel structure including one member adapted to run on tracks and another member adapted to highways, and rotary clamping means co-axial with at least one of said members.

25. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged memberfor tracks and a member adapted to highways, and a quick-action rotary clamping and release member engaging at least one of said other members.

26. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a member adapted to highways, and clamping means engaging a portion of one of said members threaded co-axially with its own axis of rotation. 4

27. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a member adapted to highways, and means adapted to clamp together and to release said memhers by rotary movement of one part.

28. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a member adapted to highways, and a quick-action releasable clamping member revolving coaxially with at least one of said other members.

29. A convertible wheel structure includ ing a flanged member for tracks and a member adapted to highways and a member to hold the parts together, one of said members revolving co-axially with the track or the highway member into a tightened position.

30. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a member adapted to highways, and clamping means comprising threaded 'or revolvin wedge members adapted to turn co-axiall y with at least one of said other members.

31. A convertible wheel structure including a highway appliance releasably engaging a flanged car wheel for tracks, one member of said appliance revolving co-axially with said car wheeljnto a tightened operative position. i

32. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged member for tracks and a member adapted to highways, and a releasable clamping member, one of said fmembers turning concentric with said track member into a tightened operative position around a-threaded portion or against a face lying at an angle to the plane of the outer face of said track member. a

33. A convertible wheel structure including a railway car wheel, a highway attachment, and clamping means to hold the highway attachment in operative position, said clamping means comprising two or more separately moving members and a lock to limitthe relative movement of these members, at least a portion of said lock to extend within a cylindrical surface defined by the under face of the wheel rim.

34. A convertible wheel structure includway attachment having a tread member,

more than one-half of the tread of said member lying outside of a vertical plane parallel tothe plane of the car wheel at the outer edge of its tread.

way attachment havinga tread member,

more than one-half of the tread of said member lying horizontally beyond the normal tread width of the car wheel.

37. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car'wheel, and a highway attachment including a tread member and a clamping member, one of said members being adapted to'be revolved around the axis of the wheel into a tightened position.

38. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel, and a highway attachment having at least two members, one of said members being so constructed that when revolved around the axis of the wheel it is drawn into a tightened position by a thread or by a plane lying at an angle to the outer wheel face.

39. A convertible wheel structure including a flangedrailway car wheel, and a highway appliance having a clamping and releasing member concentric with the wheel hub and adjacent to it.

40. A convertible wheel structure including a flanged railway car wheel having a threaded portion projecting from its outer face beyond the normal width of the wheel rim, and a highway appliance engaging said threaded portions, said appliance including tread member and releasable clamping means.

41. In a convertible wheel structure, a flanged car wheel, a highway member engaging the rim part of the flanged car wheel and free from contact with'the wheel flange, and a quick release catch or fastening to lock or limit the movement of the highway member against release from its tightened operative position.

36. A convertible wheel structure includ-.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my 3 signature.

SAMUEL GARVER THOMSON. 

